Configure video encoding

Customer satisfaction with your Video Calling integrated app depends on the quality of video and audio it provides. The sharpness, smoothness, and overall quality of the video is directly linked to the frame rate, bitrate, and other video encoder settings. Choosing improper settings can result in poor video quality. Conversely, if the settings are too demanding, the available bandwidth quickly gets choked, leading to a suboptimal experience for your users.

This page guides you on configuring the video encoder settings to ensure optimal video quality in your Interactive Live Streaming app.

Understand the tech

In Video SDK you can set the video dimensions, framerate, bitrate, orientation mode, and mirror mode by specifying a video profile. You can also set the degradation preference to specify how video quality is degraded under suboptimal network conditions.

Resolution, frame rate, and bitrate

• Resolution: Defines the video encoding resolution in pixels. The default value is 960 × 540. Higher resolutions generally result in better video clarity. Note that this parameter does not determine the final video orientation. Refer to Video orientation for setting the video output orientation.

• Frame rate: Represents the number of frames encoded per second (FPS). The default value is 15 FPS. A higher frame rate contributes to smoother video playback. For use-cases demanding high video smoothness, consider setting this parameter to 20 or 25. It is advised not to exceed a frame rate of 30.

• Bitrate: Indicates the video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The default mode is set to Standard Bitrate. In this mode, the Video SDK dynamically sets an appropriate bitrate based on the channel profile, resolution, and frame rate.

• Minimum bitrate: Sets the minimum video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The SDK automatically adjusts bitrate based on network conditions. The default value for this parameter allows the SDK to determine the minimum bitrate automatically, which is recommended for most use cases. Setting this parameter higher than the default value forces the video encoder to maintain higher quality, but may increase packet loss and affect video playback smoothness.

Video SDK offers a variety of resolutions and frame rates to choose from. To specify your own configuration, refer to the Video profiles table.

To achieve high video quality, it's crucial to maintain a balanced relationship between resolution, bitrate, and frame rate. Higher resolutions necessitate a higher bitrate. If the bitrate is fixed, an excessively high frame rate can reduce the resolution.

The configured parameter settings represent maximum values under ideal conditions. In cases where video quality cannot reach the set maximum values due to network constraints or other factors, the actual values are adjusted to match the specified maximum resolution, frame rate, or bitrate as closely as possible.

Video orientation

The way video is displayed on the playing device depends on orientationMode used on the encoding device, orientation of the capturing device, orientation of the playing device, and whether screen rotation is enabled on the playing device. On the capturing device, you can set the orientationMode to:

• Adaptive

  In the this mode, the direction of the video output is consistent with the direction of the captured video. The receiving end rotates the video based on the received video rotation information. This mode is suitable for use-cases where the receiving end can adjust the video direction. No matter which mode you choose, Video SDK ensures that the relative position of the video and the status bar is always consistent at the capturing end and playback end.

• Fixed Portrait

  In this mode, the output video is always in portrait mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in landscape mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information.

• Fixed Landscape

  In this mode, the output video is always in landscape mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in portrait mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information, such as web browsers or legacy applications.

The following table shows how video orientation behaves under different mode and device configurations:

The following images illustrate the orientation behavior:

Adaptive orientation mode

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Landscape orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Portrait orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

Degradation preference

To enhance the video experience for users in low-bandwidth conditions, the Video SDK offers the degradationPreference parameter. This parameter determines how video adapts when bandwidth is limited: prioritize frame rate for smooth playback, prioritize resolution for visual clarity, balance both qualities, or let the SDK decide automatically based on the scenario.

Mirror mode

By default, Video SDK does not mirror the video during encoding. You use the mirrorMode parameter to decide whether to mirror the video that remote users see.

Prerequisites

Ensure that you have implemented the SDK quickstart in your project.

Implementation

Use the setVideoEncoderConfiguration method to configure video encoding parameters. Best practice is to call this method before calling enableVideo to speed up the time required for the first frame to appear. Alternatively, call this method within the channel to flexibly adjust video encoding properties.

The recommended video settings vary by use-case. For example, in a one-to-one video call, larger video windows call for higher resolution. In group calls with multiple participants, smaller video windows allow you to use lower resolution to conserve bandwidth. Low-bandwidth scenarios may need reduced resolution and frame rate.

The following table shows sample settings for common use-cases:

For screen sharing video configuration, refer to the Screen sharing guide.

To set video encoder configuration, refer to the following sample configurations.

Standard video calls

Use the following as a starting configuration for one-to-one and group video calls:

// Configure video encoder settings
VideoEncoderConfiguration videoConfig = new VideoEncoderConfiguration(
  // Use VD_640x360 for one-to-one calls with larger video windows
  // Use VD_320x240 for group calls with multiple smaller video windows
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.VD_640x360,
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.FRAME_RATE.FRAME_RATE_FPS_15, // 15 fps balances smoothness and bandwidth
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.STANDARD_BITRATE, // SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.ORIENTATION_MODE.ORIENTATION_MODE_ADAPTIVE, // Adjusts to device rotation
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.DEGRADATION_PREFERENCE.MAINTAIN_BALANCED // Balance quality and framerate under poor network
);
// Mirror mode: AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
videoConfig.mirrorMode = VideoEncoderConfiguration.MIRROR_MODE.VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO;
// Minimum bitrate: Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
videoConfig.minBitrate = VideoEncoderConfiguration.STANDARD_BITRATE;
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
engine.setVideoEncoderConfiguration(videoConfig);

// Configure video encoder settings
val videoConfig = VideoEncoderConfiguration(
  // Use VD_640x360 for one-to-one calls with larger video windows
  // Use VD_320x240 for group calls with multiple smaller video windows
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.VD_640x360,
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.FRAME_RATE.FRAME_RATE_FPS_15, // 15 fps balances smoothness and bandwidth
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.STANDARD_BITRATE, // SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.ORIENTATION_MODE.ORIENTATION_MODE_ADAPTIVE, // Adjusts to device rotation
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.DEGRADATION_PREFERENCE.MAINTAIN_BALANCED // Balance quality and framerate under poor network
)
// Mirror mode: AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
videoConfig.mirrorMode = VideoEncoderConfiguration.MIRROR_MODE.VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO
// Minimum bitrate: Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
videoConfig.minBitrate = VideoEncoderConfiguration.STANDARD_BITRATE
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
engine.setVideoEncoderConfiguration(videoConfig)

Live streaming or broadcasting

Use the following as a starting configuration for Interactive live streaming or Broadcasting streaming use-cases:

// Configure video encoder settings for live streaming
VideoEncoderConfiguration liveStreamConfig = new VideoEncoderConfiguration(
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.VD_1280x720, // HD resolution for broadcast quality
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.FRAME_RATE.FRAME_RATE_FPS_30, // Higher framerate for smooth motion
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.STANDARD_BITRATE, // SDK calculates optimal bitrate
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.ORIENTATION_MODE.ORIENTATION_MODE_ADAPTIVE, // Adjusts to device rotation
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.DEGRADATION_PREFERENCE.MAINTAIN_QUALITY // Prioritize video quality
);
// Mirror mode: AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
liveStreamConfig.mirrorMode = VideoEncoderConfiguration.MIRROR_MODE.VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO;
// Minimum bitrate: Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
liveStreamConfig.minBitrate = VideoEncoderConfiguration.STANDARD_BITRATE;
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
engine.setVideoEncoderConfiguration(liveStreamConfig);

// Configure video encoder settings for live streaming
val liveStreamConfig = VideoEncoderConfiguration(
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.VD_1280x720, // HD resolution for broadcast quality
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.FRAME_RATE.FRAME_RATE_FPS_30, // Higher framerate for smooth motion
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.STANDARD_BITRATE, // SDK calculates optimal bitrate
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.ORIENTATION_MODE.ORIENTATION_MODE_ADAPTIVE, // Adjusts to device rotation
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.DEGRADATION_PREFERENCE.MAINTAIN_QUALITY // Prioritize video quality
)
// Mirror mode: AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
liveStreamConfig.mirrorMode = VideoEncoderConfiguration.MIRROR_MODE.VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO
// Minimum bitrate: Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
liveStreamConfig.minBitrate = VideoEncoderConfiguration.STANDARD_BITRATE
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
engine.setVideoEncoderConfiguration(liveStreamConfig)

Low-bandwidth use-cases

Use the following as a starting configuration for limited bandwidth or mobile networks:

// Configure video encoder settings for low-bandwidth scenarios
VideoEncoderConfiguration lowBandwidthConfig = new VideoEncoderConfiguration(
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.VD_320x180, // Minimal resolution to save bandwidth
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.FRAME_RATE.FRAME_RATE_FPS_10, // Lower framerate reduces bandwidth usage
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.STANDARD_BITRATE, // SDK calculates optimal bitrate
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.ORIENTATION_MODE.ORIENTATION_MODE_ADAPTIVE, // Adjusts to device rotation
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.DEGRADATION_PREFERENCE.MAINTAIN_FRAMERATE // Keep playback smooth
);
// Mirror mode: AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
lowBandwidthConfig.mirrorMode = VideoEncoderConfiguration.MIRROR_MODE.VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO;
// Minimum bitrate: Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
lowBandwidthConfig.minBitrate = VideoEncoderConfiguration.STANDARD_BITRATE;
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
engine.setVideoEncoderConfiguration(lowBandwidthConfig);

// Configure video encoder settings for low-bandwidth scenarios
val lowBandwidthConfig = VideoEncoderConfiguration(
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.VD_320x180, // Minimal resolution to save bandwidth
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.FRAME_RATE.FRAME_RATE_FPS_10, // Lower framerate reduces bandwidth usage
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.STANDARD_BITRATE, // SDK calculates optimal bitrate
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.ORIENTATION_MODE.ORIENTATION_MODE_ADAPTIVE, // Adjusts to device rotation
  VideoEncoderConfiguration.DEGRADATION_PREFERENCE.MAINTAIN_FRAMERATE // Keep playback smooth
)
// Mirror mode: AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
lowBandwidthConfig.mirrorMode = VideoEncoderConfiguration.MIRROR_MODE.VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO
// Minimum bitrate: Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
lowBandwidthConfig.minBitrate = VideoEncoderConfiguration.STANDARD_BITRATE
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
engine.setVideoEncoderConfiguration(lowBandwidthConfig)

Troubleshooting

The following are some common issues and their solutions:

Reference

This section contains content that completes the information on this page, or points you to documentation that explains other aspects to this product.

Video profiles table

Video SDK provides a selection of video dimensions and frame rates to choose from. You can also customize the values according to the following table:

Sample project

Agora provides open source sample projects for your reference. Download or view the JoinChannelVideo source code for a more detailed example.

API reference

• setVideoEncoderConfiguration
• VideoEncoderConfiguration

Customer satisfaction with your Video Calling integrated app depends on the quality of video and audio it provides. The sharpness, smoothness, and overall quality of the video is directly linked to the frame rate, bitrate, and other video encoder settings. Choosing improper settings can result in poor video quality. Conversely, if the settings are too demanding, the available bandwidth quickly gets choked, leading to a suboptimal experience for your users.

This page guides you on configuring the video encoder settings to ensure optimal video quality in your Interactive Live Streaming app.

Understand the tech

In Video SDK you can set the video dimensions, framerate, bitrate, orientation mode, and mirror mode by specifying a video profile. You can also set the degradation preference to specify how video quality is degraded under suboptimal network conditions.

Resolution, frame rate, and bitrate

• Resolution: Defines the video encoding resolution in pixels. The default value is 960 × 540. Higher resolutions generally result in better video clarity. Note that this parameter does not determine the final video orientation. Refer to Video orientation for setting the video output orientation.

• Frame rate: Represents the number of frames encoded per second (FPS). The default value is 15 FPS. A higher frame rate contributes to smoother video playback. For use-cases demanding high video smoothness, consider setting this parameter to 20 or 25. It is advised not to exceed a frame rate of 30.

• Bitrate: Indicates the video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The default mode is set to Standard Bitrate. In this mode, the Video SDK dynamically sets an appropriate bitrate based on the channel profile, resolution, and frame rate.

• Minimum bitrate: Sets the minimum video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The SDK automatically adjusts bitrate based on network conditions. The default value for this parameter allows the SDK to determine the minimum bitrate automatically, which is recommended for most use cases. Setting this parameter higher than the default value forces the video encoder to maintain higher quality, but may increase packet loss and affect video playback smoothness.

Video SDK offers a variety of resolutions and frame rates to choose from. To specify your own configuration, refer to the Video profiles table.

To achieve high video quality, it's crucial to maintain a balanced relationship between resolution, bitrate, and frame rate. Higher resolutions necessitate a higher bitrate. If the bitrate is fixed, an excessively high frame rate can reduce the resolution.

The configured parameter settings represent maximum values under ideal conditions. In cases where video quality cannot reach the set maximum values due to network constraints or other factors, the actual values are adjusted to match the specified maximum resolution, frame rate, or bitrate as closely as possible.

Video orientation

The way video is displayed on the playing device depends on orientationMode used on the encoding device, orientation of the capturing device, orientation of the playing device, and whether screen rotation is enabled on the playing device. On the capturing device, you can set the orientationMode to:

• Adaptive

  In the this mode, the direction of the video output is consistent with the direction of the captured video. The receiving end rotates the video based on the received video rotation information. This mode is suitable for use-cases where the receiving end can adjust the video direction. No matter which mode you choose, Video SDK ensures that the relative position of the video and the status bar is always consistent at the capturing end and playback end.

• Fixed Portrait

  In this mode, the output video is always in portrait mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in landscape mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information.

• Fixed Landscape

  In this mode, the output video is always in landscape mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in portrait mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information, such as web browsers or legacy applications.

The following table shows how video orientation behaves under different mode and device configurations:

The following images illustrate the orientation behavior:

Adaptive orientation mode

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Landscape orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Portrait orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

Degradation preference

To enhance the video experience for users in low-bandwidth conditions, the Video SDK offers the degradationPreference parameter. This parameter determines how video adapts when bandwidth is limited: prioritize frame rate for smooth playback, prioritize resolution for visual clarity, balance both qualities, or let the SDK decide automatically based on the scenario.

Mirror mode

By default, Video SDK does not mirror the video during encoding. You use the mirrorMode parameter to decide whether to mirror the video that remote users see.

Prerequisites

Ensure that you have implemented the SDK quickstart in your project.

Implementation

Use the setVideoEncoderConfiguration method to configure video encoding parameters. Best practice is to call this method before calling enableVideo to speed up the time required for the first frame to appear. Alternatively, call this method within the channel to flexibly adjust video encoding properties.

The recommended video settings vary by use-case. For example, in a one-to-one video call, larger video windows call for higher resolution. In group calls with multiple participants, smaller video windows allow you to use lower resolution to conserve bandwidth. Low-bandwidth scenarios may need reduced resolution and frame rate.

The following table shows sample settings for common use-cases:

For screen sharing video configuration, refer to the Screen sharing guide.

To set video encoder configuration, refer to the following sample configurations.

Standard video calls

Use the following as a starting configuration for one-to-one and group video calls:

// Configure video encoder settings
// Use AgoraVideoDimension640x360 (or CGSize(width: 640, height: 360)) for one-to-one calls
// Use CGSize(width: 320, height: 240) for group calls with multiple smaller video windows
let videoConfig = AgoraVideoEncoderConfiguration(
  size: AgoraVideoDimension640x360,
  frameRate: .fps15, // 15 fps balances smoothness and bandwidth
  bitrate: AgoraVideoBitrateStandard, // SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  orientationMode: .adaptative, // Adjusts to device rotation
  mirrorMode: .auto // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
)
// Degradation preference: Balance quality and framerate under poor network
videoConfig.degradationPreference = .maintainBalanced
// Minimum bitrate: Use default (standard bitrate) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
videoConfig.minBitrate = AgoraVideoBitrateStandard
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
agoraKit.setVideoEncoderConfiguration(videoConfig)

Live streaming or broadcasting

Use the following as a starting configuration for Interactive live streaming or Broadcasting streaming use-cases:

// Configure video encoder settings for live streaming
let liveStreamConfig = AgoraVideoEncoderConfiguration(
  size: CGSize(width: 1280, height: 720), // HD resolution for broadcast quality
  frameRate: .fps30, // Higher framerate for smooth motion
  bitrate: AgoraVideoBitrateStandard, // SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  orientationMode: .adaptative, // Adjusts to device rotation
  mirrorMode: .auto // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
)
// Degradation preference: Prioritize video quality
liveStreamConfig.degradationPreference = .maintainQuality
// Minimum bitrate: Use default (standard bitrate) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
liveStreamConfig.minBitrate = AgoraVideoBitrateStandard
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
agoraKit.setVideoEncoderConfiguration(liveStreamConfig)

Low-bandwidth use-cases

Use the following as a starting configuration for limited bandwidth or mobile networks:

// Configure video encoder settings for low-bandwidth scenarios
let lowBandwidthConfig = AgoraVideoEncoderConfiguration(
  size: CGSize(width: 320, height: 180), // Minimal resolution to save bandwidth
  frameRate: .fps10, // Lower framerate reduces bandwidth usage
  bitrate: AgoraVideoBitrateStandard, // SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  orientationMode: .adaptative, // Adjusts to device rotation
  mirrorMode: .auto // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
)
// Degradation preference: Keep playback smooth
lowBandwidthConfig.degradationPreference = .maintainFramerate
// Minimum bitrate: Use default (standard bitrate) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
lowBandwidthConfig.minBitrate = AgoraVideoBitrateStandard
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
agoraKit.setVideoEncoderConfiguration(lowBandwidthConfig)

Troubleshooting

The following are some common issues and their solutions:

Reference

This section contains content that completes the information on this page, or points you to documentation that explains other aspects to this product.

Video profiles table

Video SDK provides a selection of video dimensions and frame rates to choose from. You can also customize the values according to the following table:

Sample project

Agora provides open source sample projects for your reference. Download or view the JoinChannelVideo source code for a more detailed example.

API reference

• AgoraVideoEncoderConfiguration
• setVideoEncoderConfiguration

Customer satisfaction with your Video Calling integrated app depends on the quality of video and audio it provides. The sharpness, smoothness, and overall quality of the video is directly linked to the frame rate, bitrate, and other video encoder settings. Choosing improper settings can result in poor video quality. Conversely, if the settings are too demanding, the available bandwidth quickly gets choked, leading to a suboptimal experience for your users.

This page guides you on configuring the video encoder settings to ensure optimal video quality in your Interactive Live Streaming app.

Understand the tech

In Video SDK you can set the video dimensions, framerate, bitrate, orientation mode, and mirror mode by specifying a video profile. You can also set the degradation preference to specify how video quality is degraded under suboptimal network conditions.

Resolution, frame rate, and bitrate

• Resolution: Defines the video encoding resolution in pixels. The default value is 960 × 540. Higher resolutions generally result in better video clarity. Note that this parameter does not determine the final video orientation. Refer to Video orientation for setting the video output orientation.

• Frame rate: Represents the number of frames encoded per second (FPS). The default value is 15 FPS. A higher frame rate contributes to smoother video playback. For use-cases demanding high video smoothness, consider setting this parameter to 20 or 25. It is advised not to exceed a frame rate of 30.

• Bitrate: Indicates the video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The default mode is set to Standard Bitrate. In this mode, the Video SDK dynamically sets an appropriate bitrate based on the channel profile, resolution, and frame rate.

• Minimum bitrate: Sets the minimum video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The SDK automatically adjusts bitrate based on network conditions. The default value for this parameter allows the SDK to determine the minimum bitrate automatically, which is recommended for most use cases. Setting this parameter higher than the default value forces the video encoder to maintain higher quality, but may increase packet loss and affect video playback smoothness.

Video SDK offers a variety of resolutions and frame rates to choose from. To specify your own configuration, refer to the Video profiles table.

To achieve high video quality, it's crucial to maintain a balanced relationship between resolution, bitrate, and frame rate. Higher resolutions necessitate a higher bitrate. If the bitrate is fixed, an excessively high frame rate can reduce the resolution.

The configured parameter settings represent maximum values under ideal conditions. In cases where video quality cannot reach the set maximum values due to network constraints or other factors, the actual values are adjusted to match the specified maximum resolution, frame rate, or bitrate as closely as possible.

Video orientation

The way video is displayed on the playing device depends on orientationMode used on the encoding device, orientation of the capturing device, orientation of the playing device, and whether screen rotation is enabled on the playing device. On the capturing device, you can set the orientationMode to:

• Adaptive

  In the this mode, the direction of the video output is consistent with the direction of the captured video. The receiving end rotates the video based on the received video rotation information. This mode is suitable for use-cases where the receiving end can adjust the video direction. No matter which mode you choose, Video SDK ensures that the relative position of the video and the status bar is always consistent at the capturing end and playback end.

• Fixed Portrait

  In this mode, the output video is always in portrait mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in landscape mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information.

• Fixed Landscape

  In this mode, the output video is always in landscape mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in portrait mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information, such as web browsers or legacy applications.

The following table shows how video orientation behaves under different mode and device configurations:

The following images illustrate the orientation behavior:

Adaptive orientation mode

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Landscape orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Portrait orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

Degradation preference

To enhance the video experience for users in low-bandwidth conditions, the Video SDK offers the degradationPreference parameter. This parameter determines how video adapts when bandwidth is limited: prioritize frame rate for smooth playback, prioritize resolution for visual clarity, balance both qualities, or let the SDK decide automatically based on the scenario.

Mirror mode

By default, Video SDK does not mirror the video during encoding. You use the mirrorMode parameter to decide whether to mirror the video that remote users see.

Prerequisites

Ensure that you have implemented the SDK quickstart in your project.

Implementation

Use the setVideoEncoderConfiguration method to configure video encoding parameters. Best practice is to call this method before calling enableVideo to speed up the time required for the first frame to appear. Alternatively, call this method within the channel to flexibly adjust video encoding properties.

The recommended video settings vary by use-case. For example, in a one-to-one video call, larger video windows call for higher resolution. In group calls with multiple participants, smaller video windows allow you to use lower resolution to conserve bandwidth. Low-bandwidth scenarios may need reduced resolution and frame rate.

The following table shows sample settings for common use-cases:

For screen sharing video configuration, refer to the Screen sharing guide.

To set video encoder configuration, refer to the following sample configurations.

Standard video calls

Use the following as a starting configuration for one-to-one and group video calls:

// Configure video encoder settings
// Use AgoraVideoDimension640x360 (or CGSize(width: 640, height: 360)) for one-to-one calls
// Use CGSize(width: 320, height: 240) for group calls with multiple smaller video windows
let videoConfig = AgoraVideoEncoderConfiguration(
  size: AgoraVideoDimension640x360,
  frameRate: .fps15, // 15 fps balances smoothness and bandwidth
  bitrate: AgoraVideoBitrateStandard, // SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  orientationMode: .adaptative, // Adjusts to device rotation
  mirrorMode: .auto // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
)
// Degradation preference: Balance quality and framerate under poor network
videoConfig.degradationPreference = .maintainBalanced
// Minimum bitrate: Use default (standard bitrate) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
videoConfig.minBitrate = AgoraVideoBitrateStandard
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
agoraKit.setVideoEncoderConfiguration(videoConfig)

Live streaming or broadcasting

Use the following as a starting configuration for Interactive live streaming or Broadcasting streaming use-cases:

// Configure video encoder settings for live streaming
let liveStreamConfig = AgoraVideoEncoderConfiguration(
  size: CGSize(width: 1280, height: 720), // HD resolution for broadcast quality
  frameRate: .fps30, // Higher framerate for smooth motion
  bitrate: AgoraVideoBitrateStandard, // SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  orientationMode: .adaptative, // Adjusts to device rotation
  mirrorMode: .auto // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
)
// Degradation preference: Prioritize video quality
liveStreamConfig.degradationPreference = .maintainQuality
// Minimum bitrate: Use default (standard bitrate) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
liveStreamConfig.minBitrate = AgoraVideoBitrateStandard
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
agoraKit.setVideoEncoderConfiguration(liveStreamConfig)

Low-bandwidth use-cases

Use the following as a starting configuration for limited bandwidth or mobile networks:

// Configure video encoder settings for low-bandwidth scenarios
let lowBandwidthConfig = AgoraVideoEncoderConfiguration(
  size: CGSize(width: 320, height: 180), // Minimal resolution to save bandwidth
  frameRate: .fps10, // Lower framerate reduces bandwidth usage
  bitrate: AgoraVideoBitrateStandard, // SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  orientationMode: .adaptative, // Adjusts to device rotation
  mirrorMode: .auto // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
)
// Degradation preference: Keep playback smooth
lowBandwidthConfig.degradationPreference = .maintainFramerate
// Minimum bitrate: Use default (standard bitrate) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
lowBandwidthConfig.minBitrate = AgoraVideoBitrateStandard
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
agoraKit.setVideoEncoderConfiguration(lowBandwidthConfig)

Troubleshooting

The following are some common issues and their solutions:

Reference

This section contains content that completes the information on this page, or points you to documentation that explains other aspects to this product.

Video profiles table

Video SDK provides a selection of video dimensions and frame rates to choose from. You can also customize the values according to the following table:

Sample project

Agora provides open source sample projects for your reference. Download or view the JoinChannelVideo source code for a more detailed example.

API reference

• AgoraVideoEncoderConfiguration
• setVideoEncoderConfiguration

Customer satisfaction with your Video Calling integrated app depends on the quality of video and audio it provides. The sharpness, smoothness, and overall quality of the video is directly linked to the frame rate, bitrate, and other video encoder settings. Choosing improper settings can result in poor video quality. Conversely, if the settings are too demanding, the available bandwidth quickly gets choked, leading to a suboptimal experience for your users.

This page guides you on configuring the video encoder settings to ensure optimal video quality in your Interactive Live Streaming app.

Understand the tech

In Video SDK you can set the video dimensions, framerate, bitrate, orientation mode, and mirror mode by specifying a video profile. You can also set the degradation preference to specify how video quality is degraded under suboptimal network conditions.

Prerequisites

Ensure that you have implemented the SDK quickstart in your project.

Implementation

Video SDK provides two methods to set video properties:

1. Setting video properties when creating the video track: Use encoderConfig parameter in AgoraRTC.createCameraVideoTrack, AgoraRTC.createScreenVideoTrack, or AgoraRTC.createCustomVideoTrack.

2. Dynamically adjust video track properties after creation: Use CameraVideoTrack.setEncoderConfiguration or LocalVideoTrack.setEncoderConfiguration (supported before and after publishing).

The recommended video settings vary by use-case. For example, in a one-to-one video call, larger video windows call for higher resolution. In group calls with multiple participants, smaller video windows allow you to use lower resolution to conserve bandwidth. Low-bandwidth scenarios may need reduced resolution and frame rate.

The following table shows sample settings for common use-cases:

For screen sharing video configuration, refer to the Screen sharing guide.

To set video encoder configuration, refer to the following sample configurations.

Standard video calls

Use the following as a starting configuration for one-to-one and group video calls:

// Configure video track for standard video calls
// Use 640×360 for one-to-one calls with larger video windows
// Use 320×240 for group calls with multiple smaller video windows
AgoraRTC.createCameraVideoTrack({
  encoderConfig: {
    width: 640,
    height: 360,
    frameRate: 15, // 15 fps balances smoothness and bandwidth
    bitrateMin: 200, // Minimum bitrate in Kbps
    bitrateMax: 1000, // Maximum bitrate in Kbps
  },
}).then(localVideoTrack => {
  // Publish the track
});

Using preset:

AgoraRTC.createCameraVideoTrack({
  encoderConfig: "480p_1", // Preset for 640×480 at 15fps
}).then(localVideoTrack => {
  // Publish the track
});

Live streaming or broadcasting

Use the following as a starting configuration for Interactive live streaming or Broadcasting streaming use-cases:

// Configure video track for live streaming
AgoraRTC.createCameraVideoTrack({
  encoderConfig: {
    width: 1280,
    height: 720, // HD resolution for broadcast quality
    frameRate: 30, // Higher framerate for smooth motion
    bitrateMin: 600, // Minimum bitrate in Kbps
    bitrateMax: 3000, // Maximum bitrate in Kbps
  },
}).then(localVideoTrack => {
  // Publish the track
});

Using preset:

AgoraRTC.createCameraVideoTrack({
  encoderConfig: "720p_2", // Preset for 1280×720 at 30fps
}).then(localVideoTrack => {
  // Publish the track
});

Low-bandwidth use-cases

Use the following as a starting configuration for limited bandwidth or mobile networks:

// Configure video track for low-bandwidth scenarios
AgoraRTC.createCameraVideoTrack({
  encoderConfig: {
    width: 320,
    height: 180, // Minimal resolution to save bandwidth
    frameRate: 10, // Lower framerate reduces bandwidth usage
    bitrateMin: 65, // Minimum bitrate in Kbps
    bitrateMax: 500, // Maximum bitrate in Kbps
  },
}).then(localVideoTrack => {
  // Publish the track
});

Using preset:

AgoraRTC.createCameraVideoTrack({
  encoderConfig: "180p_4", // Preset for 320×180 at 15fps
}).then(localVideoTrack => {
  // Publish the track
});

Dynamically adjust video properties

You can adjust video properties after creating the track:

// Change to a different preset
localVideoTrack.setEncoderConfiguration("720p_1").then(() => {
  // Configuration updated
});

// Or use custom configuration
localVideoTrack.setEncoderConfiguration({
  width: 1280,
  height: 720,
  frameRate: 30,
  bitrateMin: 600,
  bitrateMax: 3000,
}).then(() => {
  // Configuration updated
});

Troubleshooting

The following are some common issues and their solutions:

Reference

This section contains content that completes the information on this page, or points you to documentation that explains other aspects to this product.

Video profiles table

The following table lists the Web SDK preset video profiles and the corresponding parameters. Choose a preset profile or refer to the table to customize your settings.

• The 720p_auto preset profile is only recommended for Safari to ensure that the encoding resolution is dynamically adjusted. See release notes for details.

Sample project

For a working example, see Adjust video profile.

API reference

• createCameraVideoTrack
• setEncoderConfiguration
• VideoEncoderConfigurationPreset
• VideoEncoderConfiguration

Customer satisfaction with your Video Calling integrated app depends on the quality of video and audio it provides. The sharpness, smoothness, and overall quality of the video is directly linked to the frame rate, bitrate, and other video encoder settings. Choosing improper settings can result in poor video quality. Conversely, if the settings are too demanding, the available bandwidth quickly gets choked, leading to a suboptimal experience for your users.

This page guides you on configuring the video encoder settings to ensure optimal video quality in your Interactive Live Streaming app.

Understand the tech

In Video SDK you can set the video dimensions, framerate, bitrate, orientation mode, and mirror mode by specifying a video profile. You can also set the degradation preference to specify how video quality is degraded under suboptimal network conditions.

Resolution, frame rate, and bitrate

• Resolution: Defines the video encoding resolution in pixels. The default value is 960 × 540. Higher resolutions generally result in better video clarity. Note that this parameter does not determine the final video orientation. Refer to Video orientation for setting the video output orientation.

• Frame rate: Represents the number of frames encoded per second (FPS). The default value is 15 FPS. A higher frame rate contributes to smoother video playback. For use-cases demanding high video smoothness, consider setting this parameter to 20 or 25. It is advised not to exceed a frame rate of 30.

• Bitrate: Indicates the video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The default mode is set to Standard Bitrate. In this mode, the Video SDK dynamically sets an appropriate bitrate based on the channel profile, resolution, and frame rate.

• Minimum bitrate: Sets the minimum video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The SDK automatically adjusts bitrate based on network conditions. The default value for this parameter allows the SDK to determine the minimum bitrate automatically, which is recommended for most use cases. Setting this parameter higher than the default value forces the video encoder to maintain higher quality, but may increase packet loss and affect video playback smoothness.

Video SDK offers a variety of resolutions and frame rates to choose from. To specify your own configuration, refer to the Video profiles table.

To achieve high video quality, it's crucial to maintain a balanced relationship between resolution, bitrate, and frame rate. Higher resolutions necessitate a higher bitrate. If the bitrate is fixed, an excessively high frame rate can reduce the resolution.

The configured parameter settings represent maximum values under ideal conditions. In cases where video quality cannot reach the set maximum values due to network constraints or other factors, the actual values are adjusted to match the specified maximum resolution, frame rate, or bitrate as closely as possible.

Video orientation

The way video is displayed on the playing device depends on orientationMode used on the encoding device, orientation of the capturing device, orientation of the playing device, and whether screen rotation is enabled on the playing device. On the capturing device, you can set the orientationMode to:

• Adaptive

  In the this mode, the direction of the video output is consistent with the direction of the captured video. The receiving end rotates the video based on the received video rotation information. This mode is suitable for use-cases where the receiving end can adjust the video direction. No matter which mode you choose, Video SDK ensures that the relative position of the video and the status bar is always consistent at the capturing end and playback end.

• Fixed Portrait

  In this mode, the output video is always in portrait mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in landscape mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information.

• Fixed Landscape

  In this mode, the output video is always in landscape mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in portrait mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information, such as web browsers or legacy applications.

The following table shows how video orientation behaves under different mode and device configurations:

The following images illustrate the orientation behavior:

Adaptive orientation mode

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Landscape orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Portrait orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

Degradation preference

To enhance the video experience for users in low-bandwidth conditions, the Video SDK offers the degradationPreference parameter. This parameter determines how video adapts when bandwidth is limited: prioritize frame rate for smooth playback, prioritize resolution for visual clarity, balance both qualities, or let the SDK decide automatically based on the scenario.

Mirror mode

By default, Video SDK does not mirror the video during encoding. You use the mirrorMode parameter to decide whether to mirror the video that remote users see.

Prerequisites

Ensure that you have implemented the SDK quickstart in your project.

Implementation

Use the setVideoEncoderConfiguration method to configure video encoding parameters. Best practice is to call this method before calling enableVideo to speed up the time required for the first frame to appear. Alternatively, call this method within the channel to flexibly adjust video encoding properties.

The recommended video settings vary by use-case. For example, in a one-to-one video call, larger video windows call for higher resolution. In group calls with multiple participants, smaller video windows allow you to use lower resolution to conserve bandwidth. Low-bandwidth scenarios may need reduced resolution and frame rate.

The following table shows sample settings for common use-cases:

For screen sharing video configuration, refer to the Screen sharing guide.

To set video encoder configuration, refer to the following sample configurations.

Standard video calls

Use the following as a starting configuration for one-to-one and group video calls:

// Configure video encoder settings
// Use 640×360 for one-to-one calls with larger video windows
// Use 320×240 for group calls with multiple smaller video windows
VideoEncoderConfiguration videoConfig(
  640, 360,
  FRAME_RATE_FPS_15, // 15 fps balances smoothness and bandwidth
  STANDARD_BITRATE, // SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  ORIENTATION_MODE_ADAPTIVE, // Adjusts to device rotation
  VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
);
videoConfig.degradationPreference = MAINTAIN_BALANCED; // Balance quality and framerate under poor network
videoConfig.minBitrate = DEFAULT_MIN_BITRATE; // Use default for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
rtcEngine->setVideoEncoderConfiguration(videoConfig);

Live streaming or broadcasting

Use the following as a starting configuration for Interactive live streaming or Broadcasting streaming use-cases:

// Configure video encoder settings for live streaming
VideoEncoderConfiguration liveStreamConfig(
  1280, 720, // HD resolution for broadcast quality
  FRAME_RATE_FPS_30, // Higher framerate for smooth motion
  STANDARD_BITRATE, // SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  ORIENTATION_MODE_ADAPTIVE, // Adjusts to device rotation
  VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
);
liveStreamConfig.degradationPreference = MAINTAIN_RESOLUTION; // Prioritize video quality
liveStreamConfig.minBitrate = DEFAULT_MIN_BITRATE; // Use default for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
rtcEngine->setVideoEncoderConfiguration(liveStreamConfig);

Low-bandwidth use-cases

Use the following as a starting configuration for limited bandwidth or mobile networks:

// Configure video encoder settings for low-bandwidth scenarios
VideoEncoderConfiguration lowBandwidthConfig(
  320, 180, // Minimal resolution to save bandwidth
  FRAME_RATE_FPS_10, // Lower framerate reduces bandwidth usage
  STANDARD_BITRATE, // SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  ORIENTATION_MODE_ADAPTIVE, // Adjusts to device rotation
  VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
);
lowBandwidthConfig.degradationPreference = MAINTAIN_FRAMERATE; // Keep playback smooth
lowBandwidthConfig.minBitrate = DEFAULT_MIN_BITRATE; // Use default for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
rtcEngine->setVideoEncoderConfiguration(lowBandwidthConfig);

Troubleshooting

The following are some common issues and their solutions:

Reference

This section contains content that completes the information on this page, or points you to documentation that explains other aspects to this product.

Video profiles table

Video SDK provides a selection of video dimensions and frame rates to choose from. You can also customize the values according to the following table:

Sample project

Agora provides open source sample projects for your reference. Download or view the JoinChannelVideo source code for a more detailed example.

API reference

• setVideoEncoderConfiguration
• VideoEncoderConfiguration

Customer satisfaction with your Video Calling integrated app depends on the quality of video and audio it provides. The sharpness, smoothness, and overall quality of the video is directly linked to the frame rate, bitrate, and other video encoder settings. Choosing improper settings can result in poor video quality. Conversely, if the settings are too demanding, the available bandwidth quickly gets choked, leading to a suboptimal experience for your users.

This page guides you on configuring the video encoder settings to ensure optimal video quality in your Interactive Live Streaming app.

Understand the tech

In Video SDK you can set the video dimensions, framerate, bitrate, orientation mode, and mirror mode by specifying a video profile. You can also set the degradation preference to specify how video quality is degraded under suboptimal network conditions.

Resolution, frame rate, and bitrate

• Resolution: Defines the video encoding resolution in pixels. The default value is 960 × 540. Higher resolutions generally result in better video clarity. Note that this parameter does not determine the final video orientation. Refer to Video orientation for setting the video output orientation.

• Frame rate: Represents the number of frames encoded per second (FPS). The default value is 15 FPS. A higher frame rate contributes to smoother video playback. For use-cases demanding high video smoothness, consider setting this parameter to 20 or 25. It is advised not to exceed a frame rate of 30.

• Bitrate: Indicates the video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The default mode is set to Standard Bitrate. In this mode, the Video SDK dynamically sets an appropriate bitrate based on the channel profile, resolution, and frame rate.

• Minimum bitrate: Sets the minimum video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The SDK automatically adjusts bitrate based on network conditions. The default value for this parameter allows the SDK to determine the minimum bitrate automatically, which is recommended for most use cases. Setting this parameter higher than the default value forces the video encoder to maintain higher quality, but may increase packet loss and affect video playback smoothness.

Video SDK offers a variety of resolutions and frame rates to choose from. To specify your own configuration, refer to the Video profiles table.

To achieve high video quality, it's crucial to maintain a balanced relationship between resolution, bitrate, and frame rate. Higher resolutions necessitate a higher bitrate. If the bitrate is fixed, an excessively high frame rate can reduce the resolution.

The configured parameter settings represent maximum values under ideal conditions. In cases where video quality cannot reach the set maximum values due to network constraints or other factors, the actual values are adjusted to match the specified maximum resolution, frame rate, or bitrate as closely as possible.

Video orientation

The way video is displayed on the playing device depends on orientationMode used on the encoding device, orientation of the capturing device, orientation of the playing device, and whether screen rotation is enabled on the playing device. On the capturing device, you can set the orientationMode to:

• Adaptive

  In the this mode, the direction of the video output is consistent with the direction of the captured video. The receiving end rotates the video based on the received video rotation information. This mode is suitable for use-cases where the receiving end can adjust the video direction. No matter which mode you choose, Video SDK ensures that the relative position of the video and the status bar is always consistent at the capturing end and playback end.

• Fixed Portrait

  In this mode, the output video is always in portrait mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in landscape mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information.

• Fixed Landscape

  In this mode, the output video is always in landscape mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in portrait mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information, such as web browsers or legacy applications.

The following table shows how video orientation behaves under different mode and device configurations:

The following images illustrate the orientation behavior:

Adaptive orientation mode

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Landscape orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Portrait orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

Degradation preference

To enhance the video experience for users in low-bandwidth conditions, the Video SDK offers the degradationPreference parameter. This parameter determines how video adapts when bandwidth is limited: prioritize frame rate for smooth playback, prioritize resolution for visual clarity, balance both qualities, or let the SDK decide automatically based on the scenario.

Mirror mode

By default, Video SDK does not mirror the video during encoding. You use the mirrorMode parameter to decide whether to mirror the video that remote users see.

Prerequisites

Ensure that you have implemented the SDK quickstart in your project.

Implementation

Use the setVideoEncoderConfiguration method to configure video encoding parameters. Best practice is to call this method before calling enableVideo to speed up the time required for the first frame to appear. Alternatively, call this method within the channel to flexibly adjust video encoding properties.

The recommended video settings vary by use-case. For example, in a one-to-one video call, larger video windows call for higher resolution. In group calls with multiple participants, smaller video windows allow you to use lower resolution to conserve bandwidth. Low-bandwidth scenarios may need reduced resolution and frame rate.

The following table shows sample settings for common use-cases:

For screen sharing video configuration, refer to the Screen sharing guide.

To set video encoder configuration, refer to the following sample configurations.

Standard video calls

Use the following as a starting configuration for one-to-one and group video calls:

// Configure video encoder settings
// Use 640×360 for one-to-one calls with larger video windows
// Use 320×240 for group calls with multiple smaller video windows
this.engine?.setVideoEncoderConfiguration({
 dimensions: { width: 640, height: 360 },
 frameRate: FrameRate.FrameRateFps15, // 15 fps balances smoothness and bandwidth
 bitrate: 0, // 0 = STANDARD_BITRATE, SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
 orientationMode: OrientationMode.OrientationModeAdaptive, // Adjusts to device rotation
 degradationPreference: DegradationPreference.MaintainBalanced, // Balance quality and framerate under poor network
 mirrorMode: VideoMirrorModeType.VideoMirrorModeAuto, // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
 minBitrate: -1, // Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
});

Live streaming or broadcasting

Use the following as a starting configuration for Interactive live streaming or Broadcasting streaming use-cases:

// Configure video encoder settings for live streaming
this.engine?.setVideoEncoderConfiguration({
 dimensions: { width: 1280, height: 720 }, // HD resolution for broadcast quality
 frameRate: FrameRate.FrameRateFps30, // Higher framerate for smooth motion
 bitrate: 0, // 0 = STANDARD_BITRATE, SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
 orientationMode: OrientationMode.OrientationModeAdaptive, // Adjusts to device rotation
 degradationPreference: DegradationPreference.MaintainResolution, // Prioritize video quality
 mirrorMode: VideoMirrorModeType.VideoMirrorModeAuto, // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
 minBitrate: -1, // Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
});

Low-bandwidth use-cases

Use the following as a starting configuration for limited bandwidth or mobile networks:

// Configure video encoder settings for low-bandwidth scenarios
this.engine?.setVideoEncoderConfiguration({
 dimensions: { width: 320, height: 180 }, // Minimal resolution to save bandwidth
 frameRate: FrameRate.FrameRateFps10, // Lower framerate reduces bandwidth usage
 bitrate: 0, // 0 = STANDARD_BITRATE, SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
 orientationMode: OrientationMode.OrientationModeAdaptive, // Adjusts to device rotation
 degradationPreference: DegradationPreference.MaintainFramerate, // Keep playback smooth
 mirrorMode: VideoMirrorModeType.VideoMirrorModeAuto, // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
 minBitrate: -1, // Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
});

Troubleshooting

The following are some common issues and their solutions:

Reference

This section contains content that completes the information on this page, or points you to documentation that explains other aspects to this product.

Video profiles table

Video SDK provides a selection of video dimensions and frame rates to choose from. You can also customize the values according to the following table:

API reference

• setVideoEncoderConfiguration

Customer satisfaction with your Video Calling integrated app depends on the quality of video and audio it provides. The sharpness, smoothness, and overall quality of the video is directly linked to the frame rate, bitrate, and other video encoder settings. Choosing improper settings can result in poor video quality. Conversely, if the settings are too demanding, the available bandwidth quickly gets choked, leading to a suboptimal experience for your users.

This page guides you on configuring the video encoder settings to ensure optimal video quality in your Interactive Live Streaming app.

Understand the tech

In Video SDK you can set the video dimensions, framerate, bitrate, orientation mode, and mirror mode by specifying a video profile. You can also set the degradation preference to specify how video quality is degraded under suboptimal network conditions.

Resolution, frame rate, and bitrate

• Resolution: Defines the video encoding resolution in pixels. The default value is 960 × 540. Higher resolutions generally result in better video clarity. Note that this parameter does not determine the final video orientation. Refer to Video orientation for setting the video output orientation.

• Frame rate: Represents the number of frames encoded per second (FPS). The default value is 15 FPS. A higher frame rate contributes to smoother video playback. For use-cases demanding high video smoothness, consider setting this parameter to 20 or 25. It is advised not to exceed a frame rate of 30.

• Bitrate: Indicates the video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The default mode is set to Standard Bitrate. In this mode, the Video SDK dynamically sets an appropriate bitrate based on the channel profile, resolution, and frame rate.

• Minimum bitrate: Sets the minimum video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The SDK automatically adjusts bitrate based on network conditions. The default value for this parameter allows the SDK to determine the minimum bitrate automatically, which is recommended for most use cases. Setting this parameter higher than the default value forces the video encoder to maintain higher quality, but may increase packet loss and affect video playback smoothness.

Video SDK offers a variety of resolutions and frame rates to choose from. To specify your own configuration, refer to the Video profiles table.

To achieve high video quality, it's crucial to maintain a balanced relationship between resolution, bitrate, and frame rate. Higher resolutions necessitate a higher bitrate. If the bitrate is fixed, an excessively high frame rate can reduce the resolution.

The configured parameter settings represent maximum values under ideal conditions. In cases where video quality cannot reach the set maximum values due to network constraints or other factors, the actual values are adjusted to match the specified maximum resolution, frame rate, or bitrate as closely as possible.

Video orientation

The way video is displayed on the playing device depends on orientationMode used on the encoding device, orientation of the capturing device, orientation of the playing device, and whether screen rotation is enabled on the playing device. On the capturing device, you can set the orientationMode to:

• Adaptive

  In the this mode, the direction of the video output is consistent with the direction of the captured video. The receiving end rotates the video based on the received video rotation information. This mode is suitable for use-cases where the receiving end can adjust the video direction. No matter which mode you choose, Video SDK ensures that the relative position of the video and the status bar is always consistent at the capturing end and playback end.

• Fixed Portrait

  In this mode, the output video is always in portrait mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in landscape mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information.

• Fixed Landscape

  In this mode, the output video is always in landscape mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in portrait mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information, such as web browsers or legacy applications.

The following table shows how video orientation behaves under different mode and device configurations:

The following images illustrate the orientation behavior:

Adaptive orientation mode

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Landscape orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Portrait orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

Degradation preference

To enhance the video experience for users in low-bandwidth conditions, the Video SDK offers the degradationPreference parameter. This parameter determines how video adapts when bandwidth is limited: prioritize frame rate for smooth playback, prioritize resolution for visual clarity, balance both qualities, or let the SDK decide automatically based on the scenario.

Mirror mode

By default, Video SDK does not mirror the video during encoding. You use the mirrorMode parameter to decide whether to mirror the video that remote users see.

Prerequisites

Ensure that you have implemented the SDK quickstart in your project.

Implementation

Use the setVideoEncoderConfiguration method to configure video encoding parameters. Best practice is to call this method before calling enableVideo to speed up the time required for the first frame to appear. Alternatively, call this method within the channel to flexibly adjust video encoding properties.

The recommended video settings vary by use-case. For example, in a one-to-one video call, larger video windows call for higher resolution. In group calls with multiple participants, smaller video windows allow you to use lower resolution to conserve bandwidth. Low-bandwidth scenarios may need reduced resolution and frame rate.

The following table shows sample settings for common use-cases:

For screen sharing video configuration, refer to the Screen sharing guide.

To set video encoder configuration, refer to the following sample configurations.

Standard video calls

Use the following as a starting configuration for one-to-one and group video calls:

// Configure video encoder settings
// Use 640×360 for one-to-one calls with larger video windows
// Use 320×240 for group calls with multiple smaller video windows
await _engine.setVideoEncoderConfiguration(
 const VideoEncoderConfiguration(
  dimensions: VideoDimensions(width: 640, height: 360),
  frameRate: 15, // 15 fps balances smoothness and bandwidth
  bitrate: 0, // 0 = standard bitrate, SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  orientationMode: OrientationMode.orientationModeAdaptive, // Adjusts to device rotation
  degradationPreference: DegradationPreference.maintainBalanced, // Balance quality and framerate under poor network
  mirrorMode: VideoMirrorModeType.videoMirrorModeAuto, // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
  minBitrate: -1, // Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
 ),
);

Live streaming or broadcasting

Use the following as a starting configuration for Interactive live streaming or Broadcasting streaming use-cases:

// Configure video encoder settings for live streaming
await _engine.setVideoEncoderConfiguration(
 const VideoEncoderConfiguration(
  dimensions: VideoDimensions(width: 1280, height: 720), // HD resolution for broadcast quality
  frameRate: 30, // Higher framerate for smooth motion
  bitrate: 0, // 0 = standard bitrate, SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  orientationMode: OrientationMode.orientationModeAdaptive, // Adjusts to device rotation
  degradationPreference: DegradationPreference.maintainResolution, // Prioritize video quality
  mirrorMode: VideoMirrorModeType.videoMirrorModeAuto, // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
  minBitrate: -1, // Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
 ),
);

Low-bandwidth use-cases

Use the following as a starting configuration for limited bandwidth or mobile networks:

// Configure video encoder settings for low-bandwidth scenarios
await _engine.setVideoEncoderConfiguration(
 const VideoEncoderConfiguration(
  dimensions: VideoDimensions(width: 320, height: 180), // Minimal resolution to save bandwidth
  frameRate: 10, // Lower framerate reduces bandwidth usage
  bitrate: 0, // 0 = standard bitrate, SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  orientationMode: OrientationMode.orientationModeAdaptive, // Adjusts to device rotation
  degradationPreference: DegradationPreference.maintainFramerate, // Keep playback smooth
  mirrorMode: VideoMirrorModeType.videoMirrorModeAuto, // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
  minBitrate: -1, // Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
 ),
);

Troubleshooting

The following are some common issues and their solutions:

Reference

This section contains content that completes the information on this page, or points you to documentation that explains other aspects to this product.

Video profiles table

Video SDK provides a selection of video dimensions and frame rates to choose from. You can also customize the values according to the following table:

API reference

• setVideoEncoderConfiguration
• VideoEncoderConfiguration

Customer satisfaction with your Video Calling integrated app depends on the quality of video and audio it provides. The sharpness, smoothness, and overall quality of the video is directly linked to the frame rate, bitrate, and other video encoder settings. Choosing improper settings can result in poor video quality. Conversely, if the settings are too demanding, the available bandwidth quickly gets choked, leading to a suboptimal experience for your users.

This page guides you on configuring the video encoder settings to ensure optimal video quality in your Interactive Live Streaming app.

Understand the tech

In Video SDK you can set the video dimensions, framerate, bitrate, orientation mode, and mirror mode by specifying a video profile. You can also set the degradation preference to specify how video quality is degraded under suboptimal network conditions.

Resolution, frame rate, and bitrate

• Resolution: Defines the video encoding resolution in pixels. The default value is 960 × 540. Higher resolutions generally result in better video clarity. Note that this parameter does not determine the final video orientation. Refer to Video orientation for setting the video output orientation.

• Frame rate: Represents the number of frames encoded per second (FPS). The default value is 15 FPS. A higher frame rate contributes to smoother video playback. For use-cases demanding high video smoothness, consider setting this parameter to 20 or 25. It is advised not to exceed a frame rate of 30.

• Bitrate: Indicates the video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The default mode is set to Standard Bitrate. In this mode, the Video SDK dynamically sets an appropriate bitrate based on the channel profile, resolution, and frame rate.

• Minimum bitrate: Sets the minimum video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The SDK automatically adjusts bitrate based on network conditions. The default value for this parameter allows the SDK to determine the minimum bitrate automatically, which is recommended for most use cases. Setting this parameter higher than the default value forces the video encoder to maintain higher quality, but may increase packet loss and affect video playback smoothness.

Video SDK offers a variety of resolutions and frame rates to choose from. To specify your own configuration, refer to the Video profiles table.

To achieve high video quality, it's crucial to maintain a balanced relationship between resolution, bitrate, and frame rate. Higher resolutions necessitate a higher bitrate. If the bitrate is fixed, an excessively high frame rate can reduce the resolution.

The configured parameter settings represent maximum values under ideal conditions. In cases where video quality cannot reach the set maximum values due to network constraints or other factors, the actual values are adjusted to match the specified maximum resolution, frame rate, or bitrate as closely as possible.

Video orientation

The way video is displayed on the playing device depends on orientationMode used on the encoding device, orientation of the capturing device, orientation of the playing device, and whether screen rotation is enabled on the playing device. On the capturing device, you can set the orientationMode to:

• Adaptive

  In the this mode, the direction of the video output is consistent with the direction of the captured video. The receiving end rotates the video based on the received video rotation information. This mode is suitable for use-cases where the receiving end can adjust the video direction. No matter which mode you choose, Video SDK ensures that the relative position of the video and the status bar is always consistent at the capturing end and playback end.

• Fixed Portrait

  In this mode, the output video is always in portrait mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in landscape mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information.

• Fixed Landscape

  In this mode, the output video is always in landscape mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in portrait mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information, such as web browsers or legacy applications.

The following table shows how video orientation behaves under different mode and device configurations:

The following images illustrate the orientation behavior:

Adaptive orientation mode

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Landscape orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Portrait orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

Degradation preference

To enhance the video experience for users in low-bandwidth conditions, the Video SDK offers the degradationPreference parameter. This parameter determines how video adapts when bandwidth is limited: prioritize frame rate for smooth playback, prioritize resolution for visual clarity, balance both qualities, or let the SDK decide automatically based on the scenario.

Mirror mode

By default, Video SDK does not mirror the video during encoding. You use the mirrorMode parameter to decide whether to mirror the video that remote users see.

Prerequisites

Ensure that you have implemented the SDK quickstart in your project.

Implementation

Use the setVideoEncoderConfiguration method to configure video encoding parameters. Best practice is to call this method before calling enableVideo to speed up the time required for the first frame to appear. Alternatively, call this method within the channel to flexibly adjust video encoding properties.

The recommended video settings vary by use-case. For example, in a one-to-one video call, larger video windows call for higher resolution. In group calls with multiple participants, smaller video windows allow you to use lower resolution to conserve bandwidth. Low-bandwidth scenarios may need reduced resolution and frame rate.

The following table shows sample settings for common use-cases:

For screen sharing video configuration, refer to the Screen sharing guide.

To set video encoder configuration, refer to the following sample configurations.

Standard video calls

Use the following as a starting configuration for one-to-one and group video calls:

// Configure video encoder settings
// Use 640×360 for one-to-one calls with larger video windows
// Use 320×240 for group calls with multiple smaller video windows
this.engine?.setVideoEncoderConfiguration({
 dimensions: { width: 640, height: 360 },
 frameRate: 15, // 15 fps balances smoothness and bandwidth
 bitrate: 0, // 0 = standard bitrate, SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
 orientationMode: OrientationMode.OrientationModeAdaptive, // Adjusts to device rotation
 degradationPreference: DegradationPreference.MaintainBalanced, // Balance quality and framerate under poor network
 mirrorMode: VideoMirrorModeType.VideoMirrorModeAuto, // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
 minBitrate: -1, // Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
});

Live streaming or broadcasting

Use the following as a starting configuration for Interactive live streaming or Broadcasting streaming use-cases:

// Configure video encoder settings for live streaming
this.engine?.setVideoEncoderConfiguration({
 dimensions: { width: 1280, height: 720 }, // HD resolution for broadcast quality
 frameRate: 30, // Higher framerate for smooth motion
 bitrate: 0, // 0 = standard bitrate, SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
 orientationMode: OrientationMode.OrientationModeAdaptive, // Adjusts to device rotation
 degradationPreference: DegradationPreference.MaintainResolution, // Prioritize video quality
 mirrorMode: VideoMirrorModeType.VideoMirrorModeAuto, // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
 minBitrate: -1, // Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
});

Low-bandwidth use-cases

Use the following as a starting configuration for limited bandwidth or mobile networks:

// Configure video encoder settings for low-bandwidth scenarios
this.engine?.setVideoEncoderConfiguration({
 dimensions: { width: 320, height: 180 }, // Minimal resolution to save bandwidth
 frameRate: 10, // Lower framerate reduces bandwidth usage
 bitrate: 0, // 0 = standard bitrate, SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
 orientationMode: OrientationMode.OrientationModeAdaptive, // Adjusts to device rotation
 degradationPreference: DegradationPreference.MaintainFramerate, // Keep playback smooth
 mirrorMode: VideoMirrorModeType.VideoMirrorModeAuto, // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
 minBitrate: -1, // Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
});

Troubleshooting

The following are some common issues and their solutions:

Reference

This section contains content that completes the information on this page, or points you to documentation that explains other aspects to this product.

Video profiles table

Video SDK provides a selection of video dimensions and frame rates to choose from. You can also customize the values according to the following table:

API reference

• setVideoEncoderConfiguration
• VideoEncoderConfiguration

Customer satisfaction with your Video Calling integrated game depends on the quality of video and audio it provides. The sharpness, smoothness, and overall quality of the video is directly linked to the frame rate, bitrate, and other video encoder settings. Choosing improper settings can result in poor video quality. Conversely, if the settings are too demanding, the available bandwidth quickly gets choked, leading to a suboptimal experience for your users.

This page guides you on configuring the video encoder settings to ensure optimal video quality in your Interactive Live Streaming game.

Understand the tech

In Video SDK you can set the video dimensions, framerate, bitrate, orientation mode, and mirror mode by specifying a video profile. You can also set the degradation preference to specify how video quality is degraded under suboptimal network conditions.

Resolution, frame rate, and bitrate

• Resolution: Defines the video encoding resolution in pixels. The default value is 960 × 540. Higher resolutions generally result in better video clarity. Note that this parameter does not determine the final video orientation. Refer to Video orientation for setting the video output orientation.

• Frame rate: Represents the number of frames encoded per second (FPS). The default value is 15 FPS. A higher frame rate contributes to smoother video playback. For use-cases demanding high video smoothness, consider setting this parameter to 20 or 25. It is advised not to exceed a frame rate of 30.

• Bitrate: Indicates the video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The default mode is set to Standard Bitrate. In this mode, the Video SDK dynamically sets an appropriate bitrate based on the channel profile, resolution, and frame rate.

• Minimum bitrate: Sets the minimum video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The SDK automatically adjusts bitrate based on network conditions. The default value for this parameter allows the SDK to determine the minimum bitrate automatically, which is recommended for most use cases. Setting this parameter higher than the default value forces the video encoder to maintain higher quality, but may increase packet loss and affect video playback smoothness.

Video SDK offers a variety of resolutions and frame rates to choose from. To specify your own configuration, refer to the Video profiles table.

To achieve high video quality, it's crucial to maintain a balanced relationship between resolution, bitrate, and frame rate. Higher resolutions necessitate a higher bitrate. If the bitrate is fixed, an excessively high frame rate can reduce the resolution.

The configured parameter settings represent maximum values under ideal conditions. In cases where video quality cannot reach the set maximum values due to network constraints or other factors, the actual values are adjusted to match the specified maximum resolution, frame rate, or bitrate as closely as possible.

Video orientation

The way video is displayed on the playing device depends on orientationMode used on the encoding device, orientation of the capturing device, orientation of the playing device, and whether screen rotation is enabled on the playing device. On the capturing device, you can set the orientationMode to:

• Adaptive

  In the this mode, the direction of the video output is consistent with the direction of the captured video. The receiving end rotates the video based on the received video rotation information. This mode is suitable for use-cases where the receiving end can adjust the video direction. No matter which mode you choose, Video SDK ensures that the relative position of the video and the status bar is always consistent at the capturing end and playback end.

• Fixed Portrait

  In this mode, the output video is always in portrait mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in landscape mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information.

• Fixed Landscape

  In this mode, the output video is always in landscape mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in portrait mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information, such as web browsers or legacy applications.

The following table shows how video orientation behaves under different mode and device configurations:

The following images illustrate the orientation behavior:

Adaptive orientation mode

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Landscape orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Portrait orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

Degradation preference

To enhance the video experience for users in low-bandwidth conditions, the Video SDK offers the degradationPreference parameter. This parameter determines how video adapts when bandwidth is limited: prioritize frame rate for smooth playback, prioritize resolution for visual clarity, balance both qualities, or let the SDK decide automatically based on the scenario.

Mirror mode

By default, Video SDK does not mirror the video during encoding. You use the mirrorMode parameter to decide whether to mirror the video that remote users see.

Prerequisites

Ensure that you have implemented the SDK quickstart in your project.

Implementation

Use the SetVideoEncoderConfiguration method to configure video encoding parameters. Best practice is to call this method before calling EnableVideo to speed up the time required for the first frame to appear. Alternatively, call this method within the channel to flexibly adjust video encoding properties.

The recommended video settings vary by use-case. For example, in a one-to-one video call, larger video windows call for higher resolution. In group calls with multiple participants, smaller video windows allow you to use lower resolution to conserve bandwidth. Low-bandwidth scenarios may need reduced resolution and frame rate.

The following table shows sample settings for common use-cases:

For screen sharing video configuration, refer to the Screen sharing guide.

To set video encoder configuration, refer to the following sample configurations.

Standard video calls

Use the following as a starting configuration for one-to-one and group video calls:

// Configure video encoder settings
// Use 640×360 for one-to-one calls with larger video windows
// Use 320×240 for group calls with multiple smaller video windows
VideoEncoderConfiguration videoConfig = new VideoEncoderConfiguration
{
  dimensions = new VideoDimensions { width = 640, height = 360 },
  frameRate = 15, // 15 fps balances smoothness and bandwidth
  bitrate = 0, // 0 = standard bitrate, SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  orientationMode = ORIENTATION_MODE.ORIENTATION_MODE_ADAPTIVE, // Adjusts to device rotation
  degradationPreference = DEGRADATION_PREFERENCE.MAINTAIN_BALANCED, // Balance quality and framerate under poor network
  mirrorMode = VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_TYPE.VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO, // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
  minBitrate = -1 // Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
};
// Apply configuration (call before EnableVideo() for faster first frame)
RtcEngine.SetVideoEncoderConfiguration(videoConfig);

Live streaming or broadcasting

Use the following as a starting configuration for Interactive live streaming or Broadcasting streaming use-cases:

// Configure video encoder settings for live streaming
VideoEncoderConfiguration liveStreamConfig = new VideoEncoderConfiguration
{
  dimensions = new VideoDimensions { width = 1280, height = 720 }, // HD resolution for broadcast quality
  frameRate = 30, // Higher framerate for smooth motion
  bitrate = 0, // 0 = standard bitrate, SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  orientationMode = ORIENTATION_MODE.ORIENTATION_MODE_ADAPTIVE, // Adjusts to device rotation
  degradationPreference = DEGRADATION_PREFERENCE.MAINTAIN_RESOLUTION, // Prioritize video quality
  mirrorMode = VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_TYPE.VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO, // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
  minBitrate = -1 // Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
};
// Apply configuration (call before EnableVideo() for faster first frame)
RtcEngine.SetVideoEncoderConfiguration(liveStreamConfig);

Low-bandwidth use-cases

Use the following as a starting configuration for limited bandwidth or mobile networks:

// Configure video encoder settings for low-bandwidth scenarios
VideoEncoderConfiguration lowBandwidthConfig = new VideoEncoderConfiguration
{
  dimensions = new VideoDimensions { width = 320, height = 180 }, // Minimal resolution to save bandwidth
  frameRate = 10, // Lower framerate reduces bandwidth usage
  bitrate = 0, // 0 = standard bitrate, SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
  orientationMode = ORIENTATION_MODE.ORIENTATION_MODE_ADAPTIVE, // Adjusts to device rotation
  degradationPreference = DEGRADATION_PREFERENCE.MAINTAIN_FRAMERATE, // Keep playback smooth
  mirrorMode = VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_TYPE.VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO, // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
  minBitrate = -1 // Use default (-1) for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
};
// Apply configuration (call before EnableVideo() for faster first frame)
RtcEngine.SetVideoEncoderConfiguration(lowBandwidthConfig);

Troubleshooting

The following are some common issues and their solutions:

Reference

This section contains content that completes the information on this page, or points you to documentation that explains other aspects to this product.

Video profiles table

Video SDK provides a selection of video dimensions and frame rates to choose from. You can also customize the values according to the following table:

Sample project

Agora provides open source sample projects for your reference. Download or view the SetVideoEncodeConfiguration source code for a more detailed example.

API reference

• SetVideoEncoderConfiguration
• VideoEncoderConfiguration

Customer satisfaction with your Video Calling integrated game depends on the quality of video and audio it provides. The sharpness, smoothness, and overall quality of the video is directly linked to the frame rate, bitrate, and other video encoder settings. Choosing improper settings can result in poor video quality. Conversely, if the settings are too demanding, the available bandwidth quickly gets choked, leading to a suboptimal experience for your users.

This page guides you on configuring the video encoder settings to ensure optimal video quality in your Interactive Live Streaming game.

Understand the tech

In Video SDK you can set the video dimensions, framerate, bitrate, orientation mode, and mirror mode by specifying a video profile. You can also set the degradation preference to specify how video quality is degraded under suboptimal network conditions.

Resolution, frame rate, and bitrate

• Resolution: Defines the video encoding resolution in pixels. The default value is 960 × 540. Higher resolutions generally result in better video clarity. Note that this parameter does not determine the final video orientation. Refer to Video orientation for setting the video output orientation.

• Frame rate: Represents the number of frames encoded per second (FPS). The default value is 15 FPS. A higher frame rate contributes to smoother video playback. For use-cases demanding high video smoothness, consider setting this parameter to 20 or 25. It is advised not to exceed a frame rate of 30.

• Bitrate: Indicates the video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The default mode is set to Standard Bitrate. In this mode, the Video SDK dynamically sets an appropriate bitrate based on the channel profile, resolution, and frame rate.

• Minimum bitrate: Sets the minimum video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The SDK automatically adjusts bitrate based on network conditions. The default value for this parameter allows the SDK to determine the minimum bitrate automatically, which is recommended for most use cases. Setting this parameter higher than the default value forces the video encoder to maintain higher quality, but may increase packet loss and affect video playback smoothness.

Video SDK offers a variety of resolutions and frame rates to choose from. To specify your own configuration, refer to the Video profiles table.

To achieve high video quality, it's crucial to maintain a balanced relationship between resolution, bitrate, and frame rate. Higher resolutions necessitate a higher bitrate. If the bitrate is fixed, an excessively high frame rate can reduce the resolution.

The configured parameter settings represent maximum values under ideal conditions. In cases where video quality cannot reach the set maximum values due to network constraints or other factors, the actual values are adjusted to match the specified maximum resolution, frame rate, or bitrate as closely as possible.

Video orientation

The way video is displayed on the playing device depends on orientationMode used on the encoding device, orientation of the capturing device, orientation of the playing device, and whether screen rotation is enabled on the playing device. On the capturing device, you can set the orientationMode to:

• Adaptive

  In the this mode, the direction of the video output is consistent with the direction of the captured video. The receiving end rotates the video based on the received video rotation information. This mode is suitable for use-cases where the receiving end can adjust the video direction. No matter which mode you choose, Video SDK ensures that the relative position of the video and the status bar is always consistent at the capturing end and playback end.

• Fixed Portrait

  In this mode, the output video is always in portrait mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in landscape mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information.

• Fixed Landscape

  In this mode, the output video is always in landscape mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in portrait mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information, such as web browsers or legacy applications.

The following table shows how video orientation behaves under different mode and device configurations:

The following images illustrate the orientation behavior:

Adaptive orientation mode

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Landscape orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Portrait orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

Degradation preference

To enhance the video experience for users in low-bandwidth conditions, the Video SDK offers the degradationPreference parameter. This parameter determines how video adapts when bandwidth is limited: prioritize frame rate for smooth playback, prioritize resolution for visual clarity, balance both qualities, or let the SDK decide automatically based on the scenario.

Mirror mode

By default, Video SDK does not mirror the video during encoding. You use the mirrorMode parameter to decide whether to mirror the video that remote users see.

Prerequisites

Ensure that you have implemented the SDK quickstart in your project.

Implementation

Use the setVideoEncoderConfiguration method to configure video encoding parameters. Best practice is to call this method before calling enableVideo to speed up the time required for the first frame to appear. Alternatively, call this method within the channel to flexibly adjust video encoding properties.

The recommended video settings vary by use-case. For example, in a one-to-one video call, larger video windows call for higher resolution. In group calls with multiple participants, smaller video windows allow you to use lower resolution to conserve bandwidth. Low-bandwidth scenarios may need reduced resolution and frame rate.

The following table shows sample settings for common use-cases:

For screen sharing video configuration, refer to the Screen sharing guide.

To set video encoder configuration, refer to the following sample configurations.

Standard video calls

Use the following as a starting configuration for one-to-one and group video calls:

// Configure video encoder settings
VideoEncoderConfiguration videoConfig;
// Use 640×360 for one-to-one calls with larger video windows
// Use 320×240 for group calls with multiple smaller video windows
videoConfig.dimensions.width = 640;
videoConfig.dimensions.height = 360;
videoConfig.frameRate = FRAME_RATE_FPS_15; // 15 fps balances smoothness and bandwidth
videoConfig.bitrate = STANDARD_BITRATE; // SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
videoConfig.orientationMode = ORIENTATION_MODE_ADAPTIVE; // Adjusts to device rotation
videoConfig.degradationPreference = MAINTAIN_BALANCED; // Balance quality and framerate under poor network
videoConfig.mirrorMode = VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO; // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
videoConfig.minBitrate = DEFAULT_MIN_BITRATE; // Use default for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
rtcEngine->setVideoEncoderConfiguration(videoConfig);

Live streaming or broadcasting

Use the following as a starting configuration for Interactive live streaming or Broadcasting streaming use-cases:

// Configure video encoder settings for live streaming
VideoEncoderConfiguration liveStreamConfig;
liveStreamConfig.dimensions.width = 1280; // HD resolution for broadcast quality
liveStreamConfig.dimensions.height = 720;
liveStreamConfig.frameRate = FRAME_RATE_FPS_30; // Higher framerate for smooth motion
liveStreamConfig.bitrate = STANDARD_BITRATE; // SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
liveStreamConfig.orientationMode = ORIENTATION_MODE_ADAPTIVE; // Adjusts to device rotation
liveStreamConfig.degradationPreference = MAINTAIN_RESOLUTION; // Prioritize video quality
liveStreamConfig.mirrorMode = VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO; // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
liveStreamConfig.minBitrate = DEFAULT_MIN_BITRATE; // Use default for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
rtcEngine->setVideoEncoderConfiguration(liveStreamConfig);

Low-bandwidth use-cases

Use the following as a starting configuration for limited bandwidth or mobile networks:

// Configure video encoder settings for low-bandwidth scenarios
VideoEncoderConfiguration lowBandwidthConfig;
lowBandwidthConfig.dimensions.width = 320; // Minimal resolution to save bandwidth
lowBandwidthConfig.dimensions.height = 180;
lowBandwidthConfig.frameRate = FRAME_RATE_FPS_10; // Lower framerate reduces bandwidth usage
lowBandwidthConfig.bitrate = STANDARD_BITRATE; // SDK calculates optimal bitrate automatically
lowBandwidthConfig.orientationMode = ORIENTATION_MODE_ADAPTIVE; // Adjusts to device rotation
lowBandwidthConfig.degradationPreference = MAINTAIN_FRAMERATE; // Keep playback smooth
lowBandwidthConfig.mirrorMode = VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO; // AUTO lets SDK decide based on camera (front/back)
lowBandwidthConfig.minBitrate = DEFAULT_MIN_BITRATE; // Use default for most cases; higher values may cause packet loss
// Apply configuration (call before enableVideo() for faster first frame)
rtcEngine->setVideoEncoderConfiguration(lowBandwidthConfig);

Troubleshooting

The following are some common issues and their solutions:

Reference

This section contains content that completes the information on this page, or points you to documentation that explains other aspects to this product.

Video profiles table

Video SDK provides a selection of video dimensions and frame rates to choose from. You can also customize the values according to the following table:

Sample project

Agora provides open source sample projects for your reference. Download or view the SDK API-Example source code for a more detailed example.

API reference

• setVideoEncoderConfiguration
• VideoEncoderConfiguration

Customer satisfaction with your Video Calling integrated game depends on the quality of video and audio it provides. The sharpness, smoothness, and overall quality of the video is directly linked to the frame rate, bitrate, and other video encoder settings. Choosing improper settings can result in poor video quality. Conversely, if the settings are too demanding, the available bandwidth quickly gets choked, leading to a suboptimal experience for your users.

This page guides you on configuring the video encoder settings to ensure optimal video quality in your Interactive Live Streaming game.

Understand the tech

In Video SDK you can set the video dimensions, framerate, bitrate, orientation mode, and mirror mode by specifying a video profile. You can also set the degradation preference to specify how video quality is degraded under suboptimal network conditions.

Resolution, frame rate, and bitrate

• Resolution: Defines the video encoding resolution in pixels. The default value is 960 × 540. Higher resolutions generally result in better video clarity. Note that this parameter does not determine the final video orientation. Refer to Video orientation for setting the video output orientation.

• Frame rate: Represents the number of frames encoded per second (FPS). The default value is 15 FPS. A higher frame rate contributes to smoother video playback. For use-cases demanding high video smoothness, consider setting this parameter to 20 or 25. It is advised not to exceed a frame rate of 30.

• Bitrate: Indicates the video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The default mode is set to Standard Bitrate. In this mode, the Video SDK dynamically sets an appropriate bitrate based on the channel profile, resolution, and frame rate.

• Minimum bitrate: Sets the minimum video encoding bitrate in Kbps. The SDK automatically adjusts bitrate based on network conditions. The default value for this parameter allows the SDK to determine the minimum bitrate automatically, which is recommended for most use cases. Setting this parameter higher than the default value forces the video encoder to maintain higher quality, but may increase packet loss and affect video playback smoothness.

Video SDK offers a variety of resolutions and frame rates to choose from. To specify your own configuration, refer to the Video profiles table.

To achieve high video quality, it's crucial to maintain a balanced relationship between resolution, bitrate, and frame rate. Higher resolutions necessitate a higher bitrate. If the bitrate is fixed, an excessively high frame rate can reduce the resolution.

The configured parameter settings represent maximum values under ideal conditions. In cases where video quality cannot reach the set maximum values due to network constraints or other factors, the actual values are adjusted to match the specified maximum resolution, frame rate, or bitrate as closely as possible.

Video orientation

The way video is displayed on the playing device depends on orientationMode used on the encoding device, orientation of the capturing device, orientation of the playing device, and whether screen rotation is enabled on the playing device. On the capturing device, you can set the orientationMode to:

• Adaptive

  In the this mode, the direction of the video output is consistent with the direction of the captured video. The receiving end rotates the video based on the received video rotation information. This mode is suitable for use-cases where the receiving end can adjust the video direction. No matter which mode you choose, Video SDK ensures that the relative position of the video and the status bar is always consistent at the capturing end and playback end.

• Fixed Portrait

  In this mode, the output video is always in portrait mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in landscape mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information.

• Fixed Landscape

  In this mode, the output video is always in landscape mode relative to the Status Bar. If the captured video is in portrait mode, the video encoder crops it. This method is suitable for situations where the receiving end cannot process the rotation information, such as web browsers or legacy applications.

The following table shows how video orientation behaves under different mode and device configurations:

The following images illustrate the orientation behavior:

Adaptive orientation mode

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Disabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Screen rotation: Enabled

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Landscape orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

Portrait orientation mode

• Capturing device orientation: Portrait

• Capturing device orientation: Landscape

Degradation preference

To enhance the video experience for users in low-bandwidth conditions, the Video SDK offers the degradationPreference parameter. This parameter determines how video adapts when bandwidth is limited: prioritize frame rate for smooth playback, prioritize resolution for visual clarity, balance both qualities, or let the SDK decide automatically based on the scenario.

Mirror mode

By default, Video SDK does not mirror the video during encoding. You use the mirrorMode parameter to decide whether to mirror the video that remote users see.

Prerequisites

Ensure that you have implemented the SDK quickstart in your project.

Implementation

Use the SetVideoEncoderConfiguration method to configure video encoding parameters. You can call this method at any point after initialization, whether it's before or after joining a channel. For optimal performance, best practice is to enable the video module by calling EnableVideo before calling SetVideoEncoderConfiguration. This approach reduces the time required for the first frame to be generated.

To set the video encoder configuration, take the following steps:

1. Create UI

In BP_VideoWidget, create a Video Encoder Configuration area containing the following controls:

• ET_FPS: Set the frame rate of video encoding.
• ET_Width: Set the width of the video.
• ET_Height: Set the height of the video.
• ET_BitRate: Set the bitrate of the video.
• ET_MinBitRate: Set the minimum encoding bitrate of the video.

Sample UI Interface:

2. Bind events

Follow the steps below to bind the corresponding events in the node.

1. In the Bind UIEvent node, bind the OnVideoConfigConfirmClicked callback. This callback is triggered when the user sets the video encoding parameters in the video encoder configuration.

   

2. In the Bind Event node, bind the OnVideoSizeChanged callback. This callback is triggered when there is a change in the video size or rotation information.

   

3. Implement the OnVideoConfigConfirmClicked callback

To change the video encoder configuration, take the following steps:

1. In the My Blueprint panel of the Level Blueprint, follow these steps to create an OnVideoConfigConfirmClicked UI event node:

2. Open the Level Blueprint.

3. Locate the My Blueprint panel.

4. Create a new UI event node named OnVideoConfigConfirmClicked.

5. Connect the created UI element to the Make VideoEncoderConfiguration node. Pass in the encoding parameters entered by the user to configure the VideoEncoderConfiguration. Follow the steps below:

6. Retrieve the user-specified values from the UI elements.

7. Use these values as inputs to the Make VideoEncoderConfiguration node.

8. Connect the output of the Make VideoEncoderConfiguration node to the appropriate input of the video encoding process.

   

9. Call the SetVideoEncoderConfiguration method and configure the following parameters in the Make VideoEncoderConfiguration node according to your specific requirements:

10. Orientation Mode: Set the rotation direction of the video.

11. Degradation Preference: Specify the degradation preference for video encoding when bandwidth is limited.

12. Mirror Mode: Define whether the video screen seen by the remote user should be mirrored.

13. Compression Preference: Set the compression preference for video encoding.

Refer to the following sample interface:

1. Implement the OnVideoSizeChanged callback

Follow the steps below to implement the OnVideoSizeChanged callback function and adjust the local view based on the video change information obtained in the callback:

1. In the My Blueprint panel of the level blueprint, create an OnVideoSizeChanged event node.
2. Within the OnVideoSizeChanged callback, obtain the key parameters of the video change information: sourceType, uid, width, height, rotation.
3. Pass these parameters into the Make FVideoViewIdentity node to adjust both the local and remote views accordingly.

Sample implementation:

• Connect the obtained parameters (sourceType, uid, width, height, rotation) to the corresponding inputs of the Make FVideoViewIdentity node.
• Adjust the local and remote views using the output of the Make FVideoViewIdentity node.

Troubleshooting

The following are some common issues and their solutions:

Reference

This section contains content that completes the information on this page, or points you to documentation that explains other aspects to this product.

Video profiles table

Video SDK provides a selection of video dimensions and frame rates to choose from. You can also customize the values according to the following table:

Sample project

Agora provides open source sample projects for your reference. Download or view the following projects for more detailed examples.

• SetVideoEncoderConfiguration
• FOnVideoSizeChanged

API reference

• SetVideoEncoderConfiguration