# Stream media to a channel (/en/realtime-media/interactive-live-streaming/build/manage-video-and-streaming/play-media/android)

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Playing media files during online business presentations, educational sessions, or casual meetups heightens user engagement. Video SDK enables you to add media playing functionality to your app.

    This page shows you how to use media player-related APIs to play local or online media resources with remote users in Interactive Live Streaming channels.

    ## Understand the tech [#understand-the-tech]

    To play a media file in a channel, you open the file using a media player instance. When the file is ready to be played, you set up the local video container to display the media player output. You update channel media options to start publishing the media player stream, and stop publishing the camera and microphone streams. The remote user sees the camera and microphone streams of the media publishing user replaced by media streams.

    **Media player flow**

    ![Media player](https://assets-docs.agora.io/images/video-sdk/play-media.svg)

    ## Prerequisites [#prerequisites]

    Ensure that you have implemented the [SDK quickstart](/en/realtime-media/video/get-started-sdk) in your project.

    ## Implement the logic [#implement-the-logic]

    To implement a media player in your app, follow these steps:

    1. After initializing an `RtcEngine` instance, create an `IMediaPlayer` object and register a player observer by calling the `registerPlayerObserver` method.

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        ```java
        mRtcEngine = RtcEngine.create(config);

         // Create a media player object
         mediaPlayer = mRtcEngine.createMediaPlayer();
         // Register a player observer
         mediaPlayer.registerPlayerObserver(this);
        ```
      </CodeBlockTab>

      <CodeBlockTab value="kotlin">
        ```kotlin
        mRtcEngine = RtcEngine.create(config)

         // Create a media player object
         mediaPlayer = mRtcEngine.createMediaPlayer()
         // Register a player observer
         mediaPlayer.registerPlayerObserver(this)
        ```
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    2. Implement the callbacks for the media player observer. Observe the player's state through the `onPlayerStateChanged` callback, get the current media file's playback progress through `onPositionChanged`, and handle player events through the `onPlayerEvent` callback.

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        ```java
        @Override
          // Observe the player's state
          public void onPlayerStateChanged(io.agora.mediaplayer.Constants.MediaPlayerState mediaPlayerState, io.agora.mediaplayer.Constants.MediaPlayerError mediaPlayerError) {
            Log.e(TAG, "onPlayerStateChanged mediaPlayerState " + mediaPlayerState);
            Log.e(TAG, "onPlayerStateChanged mediaPlayerError " + mediaPlayerError);
            if (mediaPlayerState.equals(PLAYER_STATE_OPEN_COMPLETED)) {
              setMediaPlayerViewEnable(true);
            } else if (mediaPlayerState.equals(PLAYER_STATE_IDLE) || mediaPlayerState.equals(PLAYER_STATE_PLAYBACK_COMPLETED)) {
              setMediaPlayerViewEnable(false);
            }
          }

          @Override
          // Observe the current playback progress
          public void onPositionChanged(long position) {
            Log.e(TAG, "onPositionChanged position " + position);
            if (playerDuration > 0) {
              final int result = (int) ((float) position / (float) playerDuration * 100);
              handler.post(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                  progressBar.setProgress(Long.valueOf(result).intValue());
                }
              });
            }
          }

          @Override
          // Observe player events
          public void onPlayerEvent(io.agora.mediaplayer.Constants.MediaPlayerEvent mediaPlayerEvent) {
            Log.e(TAG, " onPlayerEvent mediaPlayerEvent " + mediaPlayerEvent);
          }
        ```
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        ```kotlin
        // Observe the player's state
          override fun onPlayerStateChanged(
            mediaPlayerState: io.agora.mediaplayer.Constants.MediaPlayerState,
            mediaPlayerError: io.agora.mediaplayer.Constants.MediaPlayerError
          ) {
            Log.e(TAG, "onPlayerStateChanged mediaPlayerState $mediaPlayerState")
            Log.e(TAG, "onPlayerStateChanged mediaPlayerError $mediaPlayerError")

            when (mediaPlayerState) {
              PLAYER_STATE_OPEN_COMPLETED -> setMediaPlayerViewEnable(true)
              PLAYER_STATE_IDLE, PLAYER_STATE_PLAYBACK_COMPLETED -> setMediaPlayerViewEnable(false)
            }
          }

          // Observe the current playback progress
          override fun onPositionChanged(position: Long) {
            Log.e(TAG, "onPositionChanged position $position")

            if (playerDuration > 0) {
              val result = (position.toFloat() / playerDuration.toFloat() * 100).toInt()
              handler.post {
                progressBar.progress = result
              }
            }
          }

          // Observe player events
          override fun onPlayerEvent(mediaPlayerEvent: io.agora.mediaplayer.Constants.MediaPlayerEvent) {
            Log.e(TAG, "onPlayerEvent mediaPlayerEvent $mediaPlayerEvent")
          }
        ```
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    3. Call `setupLocalVideo` to render the local media player view.

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        ```java
        VideoCanvas videoCanvas = new VideoCanvas(surfaceView, Constants.RENDER_MODE_HIDDEN, Constants.VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO,
          Constants.VIDEO_SOURCE_MEDIA_PLAYER, mediaPlayer.getMediaPlayerId(), 0);
          mRtcEngine.setupLocalVideo(videoCanvas);
        ```
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        ```kotlin
        val videoCanvas = VideoCanvas(
           surfaceView,
           Constants.RENDER_MODE_HIDDEN,
           Constants.VIDEO_MIRROR_MODE_AUTO,
           Constants.VIDEO_SOURCE_MEDIA_PLAYER,
           mediaPlayer.mediaPlayerId,
           0
         )

         mRtcEngine.setupLocalVideo(videoCanvas)
        ```
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    4. When joining a channel, use `ChannelMediaOptions` to set the media player ID, publish media player audio and video, and share media resources with remote users in the channel.

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        ```java
        private ChannelMediaOptions options = new ChannelMediaOptions();

          // Set up options
          options.publishMediaPlayerId = mediaPlayer.getMediaPlayerId();
          options.publishMediaPlayerAudioTrack = true;
          options.publishMediaPlayerVideoTrack = true;

          // Join the channel
          int res = mRtcEngine.joinChannel(accessToken, channelId, 0, options);
        ```
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        ```kotlin
        val options = ChannelMediaOptions()

         // Set up options
         options.publishMediaPlayerId = mediaPlayer.mediaPlayerId
         options.publishMediaPlayerAudioTrack = true
         options.publishMediaPlayerVideoTrack = true

         // Join the channel
         val res = mRtcEngine.joinChannel(accessToken, channelId, 0, options)
        ```
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    5. Use the `open` method to open a local or online media file.

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        ```java
        mediaPlayer.open(url, 0);
        ```
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        ```kotlin
        mediaPlayer.open(url, 0)
        ```
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    6. Call the `play` method to play the media file.

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        ```java
        mediaPlayer.play();
        ```
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        ```kotlin
        mediaPlayer?.play()
        ```
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    <CalloutContainer type="warning">
      <CalloutDescription>
        Call the `play` method to play the media file only after receiving the `onPlayerStateChanged` callback reporting the player state as `PLAYER_STATE_OPEN_COMPLETED`.

        7. When a user leaves the channel, call `stop` to stop playback, `destroy` to destroy the media player, `unRegisterPlayerObserver` to unregister the player observer, and release allocated resources.
      </CalloutDescription>
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        ```java
        mediaPlayer.stop();
         mediaPlayer.destroy();
         mediaPlayer.unRegisterPlayerObserver(this);
        ```
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        ```kotlin
        mediaPlayer.stop()
         mediaPlayer.destroy()
         mediaPlayer.unRegisterPlayerObserver(this)
        ```
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    ## Reference [#reference]

    This section contains content that completes the information on this page, or points you to documentation that explains other aspects to this product.

    ### Supported formats and protocols [#supported-formats-and-protocols]

    The media player supports the following media formats and protocols:

    #### Video encoding formats [#video-encoding-formats]

    * H.263, H.264, H.265, MPEG-4, MPEG-2, RMVB, Theora, VP3, VP8, AVS, WMV

    #### Audio coding formats [#audio-coding-formats]

    * WAV, MP2, MP3, AAC, OPUS, FLAC, Vorbis, AMR-NB, AMR-WB, WMA v1, WMA v2

    #### Container formats [#container-formats]

    * WAV, FLAC, OGG, MOV, ASF, FLV, MP3, MP4, MPEG-TS, Matroska (MKV), AVI, ASS, CONCAT, DTS, AVS

    #### Supported protocols [#supported-protocols]

    * HTTP, HTTPS, RTMP, HLS, RTP, RTSP

    ### Sample project [#sample-project]

    Agora provides an open source sample project [MediaPlayer](https://github.com/AgoraIO/API-Examples/blob/4.2.2/Android/APIExample/app/src/main/java/io/agora/api/example/examples/advanced/MediaPlayer.java) on GitHub. Download it or view the source code for a more detailed example.

    ### API reference [#api-reference]

    * [`createMediaPlayer`](https://api-ref.agora.io/en/video-sdk/android/4.x/API/class_irtcengine.html#api_irtcengine_createmediaplayer)
    * [`registerPlayerObserver`](https://api-ref.agora.io/en/video-sdk/android/4.x/API/class_imediaplayer.html#api_imediaplayer_registerplayersourceobserver)
    * [`onPlayerStateChanged`](https://api-ref.agora.io/en/video-sdk/android/4.x/API/class_imediaplayersourceobserver.html#callback_imediaplayersourceobserver_onplayersourcestatechanged)
    * [`onPositionChanged`](https://api-ref.agora.io/en/video-sdk/android/4.x/API/class_imediaplayersourceobserver.html#callback_imediaplayersourceobserver_onpositionchanged)
    * [`getMediaPlayerId`](https://api-ref.agora.io/en/video-sdk/android/4.x/API/class_imediaplayer.html#api_imediaplayer_registeraudioframeobserver2__parameters)
    * [`open`](https://api-ref.agora.io/en/video-sdk/android/4.x/API/class_imediaplayer.html#api_imediaplayer_open)
    * [`play`](https://api-ref.agora.io/en/video-sdk/android/4.x/API/class_imediaplayer.html#api_imediaplayer_play)
    * [`pause`](https://api-ref.agora.io/en/video-sdk/android/4.x/API/class_imediaplayer.html#api_imediaplayer_pause)
    * [`stop`](https://api-ref.agora.io/en/video-sdk/android/4.x/API/class_imediaplayer.html#api_imediaplayer_stop)
    * [`unRegisterPlayerObserver`](https://api-ref.agora.io/en/video-sdk/android/4.x/API/class_imediaplayer.html#api_imediaplayer_unregisterplayersourceobserver)
    * [`destroy`](https://api-ref.agora.io/en/video-sdk/android/4.x/API/class_imediaplayer.html#api_irtcengine_destroymediaplayer)